
The lemurs of Madagascar are celebrated for their incredible diversity but also for their tragic recent demise. At least 17 species have become extinct during the last couple of thousand years, including the sloth lemur, which was as big as a chimpanzee, and the koala lemur, which was the size of a gorilla. There are still 50 living species of this remarkable group of primates, some as small as a mouse, others as large as a one-year-old human, but all are threatened by hunting and extensive loss of habitat. Lemurs first arrived on Madagascar about 60 million years ago. It was too far to swim from the mainland, so they probably drifted over on natural rafts, purely by chance. These first arrivals would have been small and uncommon, but once on Madagascar, with limited competition and few predators, they increased in size and numbers to fill every available ecological niche. That all changed when humans arrived 2,000 years ago. The large species were the first to go, as big animals are more vulnerable to habitat loss, more attractive targets for hunters and slower to reproduce.
Treasures of the Natural History Museum
Natural History Museum, London
2010
What I would not give to see them drifting across on their tiny rafts!